(a) Reproduction

(b) Cancer

(c) Exposure to a carcinogen such as cigarette smoke can cause cancer.

(d) Stage 2 — Metaphase

(e) The chromosomes are attached to the pole at each end of the cell by spindle fibre.

(f) Plant cell

(g) In mitosis two identical cells are formed, whereas in meiosis four cells are formed with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell.