(i) Julius Caesar was a famous leader in the ancient civilisation of the Roman Empire.

(ii) One great primary source of information about the Roman Empire has been from the excavations at Pompeii.

Another primary source are the famous buildings still standing such as the Pont du Gard aqueduct in France.

(iii) One achievement of the Roman Empire is that they built roads and bridges all over Europe and North Africa.

Another achievement was the fact that the language of the Romans, which was Latin, became the basis for most of the languages of western Europe

(iv)    

(a) Roman housing
People living in the Roman Empire in large cities such as Rome lived in very different types of houses. The richest people lived in a house called a domus, which was large and had an entrance called an atrium. The floors were often made of marble and there were lots of mosaics. There were also special murals on the walls. The domus also had a special enclosed garden at the back called a peristyle. The ordinary citizens of Rome usually lived in apartment blocks called insulae, which had no running water or toilets. These apartments could be up to five storeys tall and many of the top storeys were built from wood, which made the threat of fire a real danger.

(b) Roman burial customs
The Romans believed in many different Gods and they believed in an afterlife when they died. Rich Romans believed that when you died your spirit had to be rowed across the river Styx to the next world. A coin was placed under the tongue of the dead person to pay the ferryman to take the spirit across the river. Funeral processions of the rich took place through the streets and the bodies were buried outside the city walls in specially decorated tombs in large cemeteries. Ordinary people were also buried in cemeteries outside the city walls but they did not have the same elaborate funeral processions. Not all Romans were buried in cemeteries as many bodies were also cremated and the ashes were placed in a special urn.

(c) Roman family life
The life of a rich Roman family was quite different from that of an ordinary family. Rich Romans had slaves to look after their family and they even had educated slaves to teach their children. Children from rich families were educated in this way or in special schools. Boys continued their education until the age of 16. Children from poorer families did not receive an education and boys were expected to learn a trade from a very early age. Boys and girls in ancient Rome married at a very young age and marriages for the rich were usually arranged by their fathers.