(a)

A: Ethanol  

Polymer B: Polyethene

(b) 

X: Aluminium oxide

Organic reaction type: Elimination/Dehydration reaction

          

In ethanol the carbons have a tetrahedral geometry but in ethene they have a planar geometry.

  

(c) 

Organic reaction type: Ethane to chloroethane is a substitution reaction.

                       

The UV light splits the chlorine molecule into two chlorine atoms.

 

                       

One chlorine atom attacks the ethane molecule removing a hydrogen, forming hydrogen chloride and an ethyl free radical.

      

 

                       

The other chlorine atom then combines with the free radical to form chloroethane.

The addition of tetraethyllead will speed up the reaction.

(d)

C: Ethylmethanoate

 

 

Reaction: Saponification/Hydrolysis